Step 1: Organization (greetings)
Development of Clocks
Biological Clock
Calendars
Step 2: Teaching Emphases and Difficulties:
Text Analysis
1. Theme
2. Structure
3. Further Discussion
Writing Devices
Sentence Paraphrase
Step 3: Background Information
Proverbs Concerning Time
Time is money. 一寸光阴一寸金。
Time flies. 光阴似箭，日月如梭。
Time cannot be won again. 时间一去不再来。
Time lost can _disibledevent=http://www.gxqingyuan.com]http://www.gxqingyuan.com[/url]
Step 5: Writing Technique and Devices
Simile
e.g. Throughout much of history time was looked upon as a flow like a river.
A simile is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least on equality or characteristics in common. The comparison is purely imaginative, that is, the resemblance between the two unlike things in that one particular aspect exists only in our minds and not in the nature of the things themselves. To make the comparison, words like as, as… so, and like are often used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.
Step 6: Text Analysis
Theme
This text is a discussion of the riddle of time. What is time? What is this “thing” that we cannot see or touch? This is a question that has deeply affected human life and has strongly evoked the emotions of human beings. We used to think that time is what the calendar and clock tell us. But now the greatest scientists have told us that time does not exist except in our imagination. It is a mere human invention. According to the theory of relativity, we live in a universe where there is no movement and no time and no change of any other form. In this eternal universe, time has no role to play. All the beautiful words we have given to time are mere results of human sentimentality.
Part 1 (Paras. 1-2): A discussion of the definition of time
Part 2 (Paras. 3-14): The historical development of human beings’ timekeeping
Part 3 (Paras. 15-19): The body clock of human beings
Part 4 (Paras. 20-22): Conclusion
Step 7: Language and grammar Points:
1. abuse v. a. to make a bad or wrong use of
b. to say severe, cruel or unjust things to sb. or about sb.
Don’t abuse your authority.
Don’t abuse the confidence they have put in you.
It’s wrong to abuse a person in public.
n. abuse adj. abusive
2. circulation
n. a. movement, esp. movement of the blood from and to the heart 循环
b. state of being circulated 流通；发行
c. number of copies of a newspaper or other periodical sold to the public 发行量
He has a good circulation of blood.
The circulation of rumors is common.
Are there many forged banknotes in circulation?
That is a newspaper with a daily circulation of more than one million.
v. circulate
3. coordinate v. to bring or put into proper relation调和；使协调
coordinate ideas
coordinate the movements of one’s arms and legs
n. coordinator 调和人；协调人
coordination 调和；协调
4. elusive adj. tending to escape; tending to escape from the memory; not easy to recall
an elusive criminal 逃犯
an elusive word 难记忆的词
5. gear n. a set of equipment or tools 齿轮
v. gear up/down 促进；增加/降低；减少
gear to 使搭配；使配合
top gear/bottom gear 高速档/低速档
gear up production 增加产量
out of gear/in gear 失常/正常
The country’s economics must be geared to wartime requirements.
6. immune adj. free; secure
be immune from taxation 免税
be immune to/against disease/infection/criticism
n. immunity 免除；免疫
v. immunize 使免除；免疫
7. intricate adj. complicated; puzzling; difficult to follow or understand
an intricate piece of machinery
a novel with an intricate plot
n. intricacy
8. perception n. (formal) the way that you notice things with your senses 感觉；知觉；领悟力；理解力
a man of keen perception 感觉敏锐的人
perceive the danger 觉察出危险
a perceptible smell of paint 感觉得到的油漆味
a perceptive article 一篇有洞察力的文章
perceptual knowledge 感性认识
9. precision n. (attrib.) the state or quality of being precise; exactness
precision instrument 精密仪器
precision bombing 精确轰炸
Cf.
Exact, precise，accurate
adj. precise
exact: 强调在数量和质量方面的极度“准确”，各个细节都与事实相符的“确切”
The exact time is three minutes and thirty-five seconds past two.
precise: 强调细微细节的精确性
The assembling of the parts of a watch must be precise.
accurate: 意为不仅正确，而且精确，强调为忠实于真理或事实所耗费的努力和苦心 It took a week of investigation to get an accurate account of the accident.
10. variable n. factor which may vary可变因数；可变量
adj. changeable
a variable mood/temper 反复无常的情绪/脾气
variable winds 方向不定的风
a variable gear 变速齿轮
Related Words
They vary in weight from 100kg to 150kg.
People’s opinions vary at various times.
The peasants are better off than before owing to the varied economy.
He observed carefully the variations in pressure.
You have a large variety of patterns to choose from.
He is invariably the first to come here.
Phrases and Expressions
1. an array of--a large grouping of things
a fine array of tools
an array of statistics
an array of facts
2. at… rate/at the rate of--at the ratio of
Examples:
The train was going at the rate of 80 kilometers an hour.
This factory produces trucks at the rate of 10 per day.
If John keeps going at that rate, he will never finish the task.
At any rate, we should tell him frankly what we think of his proposal.
3. be in for--to be due for; to be in line for 免不了遭受；即将获得
Examples:
She is in for a shock.
He’ll be in for trouble some day if he goes on like this.
They are in for promotion.
4. in… terms/in terms of --a. in the language of
b. according to
c. from the point of view of
Examples:
He often speaks of his girlfriend in terms of praise.
He is a man who thinks of everything in terms of money.
That company has a great potential in terms of manpower.
5. look on/upon as--to regard as
Examples:
He looks on her as his own sister.
Do you look on him as an authority on the subject?
He seems to look on her with distrust.
They looked on the project with favor.
6. make of--a. to make sth. with certain material
b. to understand; to interpret
c. to deal with
Concrete is made of cement, sand, stone and water.
What do you make of this statement?
I don’t know what to make of him.
7. out of step--a. not in step
b. out of harmony
She always dances out of step with the music.
Your dress is out of step with your profession.
He is out of step with the rest of us.
cf.
The light waves of laser are in step with each other.
8. regardless of--paying no attention to
She went away with him regardless of the consequences.
Regardless of the expense, we must take every measure to save the hero’s life.
We all have the right to vote regardless of our sex, race, education, financial status, religion or politics.
9. take on-- a. to hire; to employ
b. to begin to have (a quality or appearance)
c. to undertake
d. to receive for carrying; to be loaded with
All the department stores take on extra workers for the Christmas season.
When the word appears in another context, it takes on an entirely different meaning.
A veteran engineer took on the designing.
A big ship was at the dock taking on automobiles to carry overseas for sale.
10. tell from--to distinguish one from another
Can you tell him from his twin brother?
She is less capable than Mary of telling truth from falsehood.
cf.
Even when magnified, the two organisms are difficult to tell apart.
11. trace… to--to find the origin of sth.; to find where sth. came from
Their conflict can be traced to several thousand years ago.
The use of necklace can be traced to the primitive society when a woman captive was dragged into a room by a ring round the neck by her captor to be forced to marry the man.
Word Building
Prefix—ab-; circum-; mis- Root— chron
1. Abuse ab-, abs-, a-: 去；离开
abuse
abdicate
abduct
abscond
absolve
abstain
abnormal
abstract
2. prefix: circulaiton circu-, circum-: 周围
circumference
circumlocution
circumnavigate
circumscribe
circumvent
circumspect
circulate
3. mismatch mis-: 坏的（地）； 错的
misbelieve错误的见解
misdeed恶行；罪行
misgiving焦虑；疑虑
misstep失足；过失
mislay放错位置
mislead带错路；使误解
misfire （枪炮等）不发火
4. chronobionics root -chron-, -chrono-: 时间
chronicle
chronology
chronological
synchronize
anachronism
Step 8: Exercise
1. Vocabulary Exercise
2. Grammar Exercise
Step 9: Homework Assigning
1. Read the text aloud in the morning
2. Preview the next lesson
3. Glossary work of next lesson
